TROUBADISC Composers

biography

1732 Franz Joseph Haydn was born on March 31, the son of the wheelwright and later market judge Mathias Haydn in Rohrau (Lower Austria). His first first name is Francis. Haydn has almost never made use of it. He was the second son of the eldest son. A total of 12 children were born, of whom half but died young.
1737 His brother Michael was born on September 14 in Rohrau.
1738 Haydn comes to Hainburg, a small town on the Danube near Bratislava, the headmaster Johann Mathias Frankh, a distant relative who gives him a good basic musical knowledge.
1740 - 1749 Haydn was a choirboy from St. Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna. Here he gets a solid musical education. This period saw the first attempts at composing.
1753 - 1757 Haydn is a student of Nicola Porpora in Vienna, which he calls "the true fundamentals of composition" owes.
1754 His mother dies.

1755 he produced his first string quartets for Joseph von Fürnberg at Castle Weinzierl near Wieselburg in Lower Austria. The four quartet players are: Baron Fürnberg, his confessor, his steward and Joseph Haydn.
1759 He is Kapellmeister to Count Karl Morzin in Lukavec near Pilsen.
1761 decisive turning point in Haydn's life, the year 1761, when he joined in Eisenstadt, Burgenland in the service of Prince Esterházy. Haydn is second Kapellmeister to Prince Paul Anton Esterházy (see "Encyclopedia of Austria"), and after his death the Prince Nikolaus Joseph, the Magnificent. The small orchestra develops under Haydn's direction to a good music ensemble. With amplification of sound body reached a size of 25 musicians. The Prince himself enjoyed playing the baritone, a viola da gamba-like string instrument, composed numerous works for the Haydn.
1763 His father dies.

1765 Haydn specifies a list of his works at the "design catalog".
1766 Haydn becomes First Kapellmeister to Prince Esterházy. In the next few years produced numerous compositions such as symphonies, operas, masses, string quartets, sonatas.
From 1776 Haydn a biography in the "scholars Austria" appears.
1779 The Opera House in Esterháza fire. Haydn sometimes complains about the isolated location of the castle Esterház, which was the favorite residence of the prince since 1766, at the southern tip of Lake Neusiedl (see "Encyclopedia of Austria") located in present-day Hungary. But he also said: "No one could make me mad and torment myself, and so I had to be original." His symphonies are performed for the first time in France.
1781 Haydn takes up more foreign relations. Connections with Spain, France and England caused.
1782 His symphonies are performed in America.
1784 He receives from the Board of the "Concerts de la Loge Olympique" the commission to compose six symphonies. The "Paris" -Symphonien No. 82 - 87 arise.

1785 Haydn visited Vienna Mozart and his father explains: "I tell you before God, as an honest man, your son is the greatest composer I know by the name of the person and he has taste, and besides, the largest of composition. "
1790 After the death of Prince Nikolaus Esterházy Joseph, the orchestra is dissolved. Haydn went to Vienna, but remains princely Kapellmeister.
1790 - 1792 First English travel. Between 1759 and 1789 before his first trip to England, Haydn Symphonies 94 written (including the "Farewell" Symphony No. 45, the "Paris" Symphonies Nos. 82 - 87).
1791 He received an honorary doctorate from the University of Oxford. Visit of Handel's oratorios. The "symphony with the bang" is created.

1792 of July. Return to Vienna. Haydn had some excellent students, including Ludwig van Beethoven, who had moved to Vienna in 1792.. Between the two, there was no closer teacher-student ratio.
1793 Haydn bought a house in Gumpendorf today Vienna VI (lived and died house).

1794 Second trip to England. From London, where Haydn heard some of the most famous works of George Frideric Handel, he brought the idea to his oratorio "The Creation" and "The Seasons" with.
1795 He returns via Hamburg to Vienna.
1796 Haydn begins with the composition "The Creation".
1797 The "God Save Emperor Francis" is created.
1798 Haydn was appointed a member of the Royal Swedish Academy. "The Creation" premiered.
1799 beginning with the work of the "Seasons".
1800 Haydn's wife dies.
1801 First performance of the oratorio "The Seasons".
1803 Vienna Haydn gives the large golden Salvator medal. The last string quartet, Op. 103 is formed. It remains unfinished.
1804 Haydn is made an honorary member of the Philharmonic Society in Ljubljana. He was made an honorary citizen of Vienna.
1805 he was appointed a member of the Paris Conservatoire.
1808 The Philharmonic Society of St. Petersburg declared Haydn as an honorary member.

27 March: Haydn appears for the last time at a performance of "creation" in public. This event was also attended Ludwig van Beethoven.
On 13 May 1809 Napoleon's troops occupied the imperial city of Vienna. A few days later a French officer in the aria 'done to native worth and dignity "of the creation Joseph Haydn ago.

MAY 31: Haydn dies. He is buried in the cemetery Hundsturmer, in today's Vienna XII.. This former cemetery is now called Haydn Park.
1820 The body Haydn is transferred to the hilltop church to Eisenstadt.
1932 Prince Dr Paul Esterházy erected a small mausoleum in the left wing. But because Haydn's skull was not published by the Society of Friends of Music, the mausoleum remained empty. The skull was separated from the body after death, because they wanted to reaffirm a "Gall's phrenology" with the brain Haydn.
1954 Haydn's skull was brought from Vienna Rohrau to Eisenstadt mountain church. The Haydn's was buried with the remains of the long-prepared Mausoleum.